International entrepreneurship by particular people 'on their own terms': a study on the universal characteristics of entrepreneurs in evolving economies

Incorporation of local people in different places into value creation through the establishment of new businesses is perceived as an entrepreneurial behaviour that promotes the internationalisation. Building on the wealth of material on internationalisation theory and regulation theory, this paper broadens the understanding of universal determinants of international entrepreneurial orientation and performance. Our results reveal that education, household income, and gender significantly contribute to the IE while we could not find any evidence to support the influence of age categories. To do so, we employed a binomial logistic regression modelling covered the data from evolving economies including Italy, Iran, and Canada.