Effectiveness of some biocontrol and chemical treatments against Heterobasidion annosum on Norway spruce stumps

Trichoderma harzianum, Verticillium bulbillosum, Hypholoma fasciculare, Phanerochaete velutina, Vuilleminia comedens, as biocontrol agents, and propiconazole and the culture filtrate of V. bulbillosum, as chemical treatments, were tested on Norway spruce stumps in two years in order to evaluate their effectiveness against Heterobasidion annosum. The results were compared, in one year, with the effectiveness of Phlebiopsis gigantea. All the treatments reduced H. annosum infections. The best results were obtained with P. velutina, propiconazole and with culture filtrates and conidial suspensions of V. bulbillosum.