Small-scale genetic diversity in oneseed hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna Jacq.)

We have examined the pattern of RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) variation among six populations of Crataegus monogyna from northern Italy, extending over an area of about 20,000 km2. The aim was to evaluate local differentiation in relation to geographical distance. Of the 73 loci analysed 65 were polymorphic, and there were no bands at complete fixation at the population level. The mean genetic diversity was 0.291, with the values for individual populations ranging between 0.252 and 0.333. According to the analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) most of the genetic variation was found within populations (about 80%), with a significant proportion being attributable to genetic differences between populations. No evidence for isolation by distance was found in the set of populations sampled. The efficacy of RAPD markers in analysing genetic variation, and the contribution of the results in terms of the preservation of biodiversity and defining the most appropriate strategies for collecting forest reproductive material, are discussed.