The grape berry is a non-climacteric fruit and the molecular mechanisms underlying its development and ripening are still poorly known. Recently the study of berry development has been addressed at a genomic scale using cDNA microarrays, but to our knowledge this has not been done at the protein level. We analysed the changes in the proteome of Vitis vinifera cv. “Nebbiolo” berries as affected by different developmental stages. Berries were harvested starting one month after flowering to complete ripe stage at 10 days intervals; total soluble protein extracts were separated by 2D electrophoresis, gels were stained with Coomassie Colloidal Blue G-250, scanned and analysed with ImageMaster 2-D Platinum 5 software (GE Biosciences). A total of 128 spots differentially expressed along ripening were subjected to MALDI-TOF analysis. Cluster analysis shows that proteins group according to changes (either increases or decreases) at veraison (onset of ripening) and during ripening. Most (29%) of the proteins identified are involved in energy metabolism and show either increases or deceases during ripening; 14% of the proteins are linked to primary metabolism, almost decreasing after veraison. Cell division and DNA synthesis account for a total 17% of the identified proteins, mostly representing actin and tubulin. 19% of the proteins are involved in protein synthesis and folding, mostly showing decreased expression during ripening as the protein content decreases. 7% of the proteins are related to stress, and 8% count proteins of mixed function, among them transcription factors and proteins related to cell signalling. The remaining 6% is composed of proteins of unknown function.
Proteomic analysis of berry ripening
SCHUBERT, Andrea;PERUGINI, Iolanda;
2006-01-01
Abstract
The grape berry is a non-climacteric fruit and the molecular mechanisms underlying its development and ripening are still poorly known. Recently the study of berry development has been addressed at a genomic scale using cDNA microarrays, but to our knowledge this has not been done at the protein level. We analysed the changes in the proteome of Vitis vinifera cv. “Nebbiolo” berries as affected by different developmental stages. Berries were harvested starting one month after flowering to complete ripe stage at 10 days intervals; total soluble protein extracts were separated by 2D electrophoresis, gels were stained with Coomassie Colloidal Blue G-250, scanned and analysed with ImageMaster 2-D Platinum 5 software (GE Biosciences). A total of 128 spots differentially expressed along ripening were subjected to MALDI-TOF analysis. Cluster analysis shows that proteins group according to changes (either increases or decreases) at veraison (onset of ripening) and during ripening. Most (29%) of the proteins identified are involved in energy metabolism and show either increases or deceases during ripening; 14% of the proteins are linked to primary metabolism, almost decreasing after veraison. Cell division and DNA synthesis account for a total 17% of the identified proteins, mostly representing actin and tubulin. 19% of the proteins are involved in protein synthesis and folding, mostly showing decreased expression during ripening as the protein content decreases. 7% of the proteins are related to stress, and 8% count proteins of mixed function, among them transcription factors and proteins related to cell signalling. The remaining 6% is composed of proteins of unknown function.
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