New pathways in organotin speciation: LC-ICP/MS by using a novel imprinted stationary phase

Molecular imprinting technology has been employed for the first time to prepare a specifically affinity chromatographic stationary phase for speciation purposes. Tributyltin has been chosen as the template molecule and the non-covalent approach has been applied. Three different polymerization methods have been evaluated: (i) a composite material, (ii) a polymer prepared via-Iniferter grafting; (iii) an emulsion polymer. Columns packed with different polymers have been evaluated by liquid chromatography (LC) coupled to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The chromatographic conditions as well as the analytical characteristics of the developed method are discussed in this paper. Our findings have shown formation of specific cavities in the grafted Iniferter as well as in the emulsion polymers with the latter achieving resolution of four organotin compounds. Detection limits are similar to those obtained with commercial, but not specific, stationary phases (6 pg for monobutyltin, MBT; 10 pg for both tributyltin, TBT, and triphenyltin, TPhT; and 20 pg for dibutyltin, DBT). The main advantage of this proposed stationary phase is that good recovery is obtained for all species, including MBT. Baseline resolution for TBT and TPhT has also been obtained. The high selectivity of this column prevents matrix interferences. The method has been validated by analyzing two biota reference materials (ERM-CE477 mussel tissue and T-38 oyster tissue)