Influenza del polimorfismo genetico delle caseine calcio-sensibili su caratteristiche strutturali, nutrizionali, attitudine casearia e proprietà ipoallergeniche del latte di capra

This review was focused on the genetic polymorphism of the calcium sensitive caseins (αs1, β, αs2) of goat milk. Mutational events characterising the different allelic variants were reported. The molecular events responsible for the different level of expression (normal, intermediate, null) that characterise the alleles of the same gene were reported. Furthermore, relations between genetic polymorphism and structural, compositional and technological characteristics of goat milk were considered. Finally, the role of genetic polymorphism of casein 〈s2 in allergic forms to milk for infants. In fact, recent research indicates that the casein 〈s2 is responsible for the onset of allergic forms, consequently, the use of a milk lacking this casein fraction could reduce this phenomenon of intolerance.