The impact of environmental factors on the measurement of managerial efficiency in the Italian waste management sector. Framework and empirical evidence

The public and private sectors are different in terms of ownership, funding and control. The degree of publicness influences the decision-making processes, strategies, and actions, thus severely impacting performance levels. Our study contributes to the existing literature on managerial efficiency environmental factors by proposing a framework and methodology for estimating the influence of the “publicness effect.” We tested a new method, relying on the combined integration of three different DEA models in the Italian waste management sector. Our results show that the “publicness effect” accounts for 33.87% of managerial efficiency for public companies and 11.6% for mixed ones.