La misurazione del burnout nei contesti sanitari: validità di costrutto e invarianza fattoriale della versione italiana dello Spanish Burnout Inventory (SBI-Ita)

Background. Burnout is an important risk among healthcare workers. Therefore, the availability of reliable and valid instruments to measure burnout is crucial in helping healthcare management to determine the dimension of the problem inside an organization and to prevent it and its consequences through appropriate intervention programs. Aim. The purpose of the present study was to provide empirical evidence as regards the psychometric properties of the Spanish Burnout Inventory (SBI-Ita) among Italian healthcare workers. Method. Data were collected in two different studies. Study I involved 318 healthcare workers, including various occupations. Dataset from Study II consisted of 695 workers (nurses=453; physicians=242). Results. The analyses on the dataset from Study I, based on the comparisons of models including various numbers of factors, indicated the best fit to the data was reported by the fourfactor structure hypothesized by Gil-Monte (Enthusiasm towards the job, Psychological exhaustion, Indolence, Guilt). The analyses on the dataset from Study II highlighted that the factorial structure was invariant across nurses and physicians (scalar invariance). Discussion and Conclusions. This study provides evidence for the adequate psychometric properties of SBI-Ita among healthcare workers. An Italian version of SBI may offer to occupational health practitioners an expanded conceptualization of this syndrome, and can be employed to assess burnout both in a psychosocial and in a clinical perspective.