From plants to mammals, pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) specifically recognize DNA, as a potential marker of either infection or damage. These receptors play critical roles in inflammation, immunity and pathogen resistance. Importantly, given the ubiquity of DNA, its sensing must be tightly regulated. In mammals for example, DNA localization plays a key role in recognition, as highlighted by TLR9 in the endosomal compartment and cGAS, AIM2 and IFI16 in the cytoplasm. Similarly, evidence in plants supports the sensing of extracellular DNA by PRRs, leading to calcium-dependent signaling, although no receptor has been definitively identified yet. Here, we review the shared and distinct features of DNA sensors, and their physiological functions, across the tree of life.
DNA Sensing across the Tree of Life
Maffei, Massimo E.
Last
2017-01-01
Abstract
From plants to mammals, pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) specifically recognize DNA, as a potential marker of either infection or damage. These receptors play critical roles in inflammation, immunity and pathogen resistance. Importantly, given the ubiquity of DNA, its sensing must be tightly regulated. In mammals for example, DNA localization plays a key role in recognition, as highlighted by TLR9 in the endosomal compartment and cGAS, AIM2 and IFI16 in the cytoplasm. Similarly, evidence in plants supports the sensing of extracellular DNA by PRRs, leading to calcium-dependent signaling, although no receptor has been definitively identified yet. Here, we review the shared and distinct features of DNA sensors, and their physiological functions, across the tree of life.
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