Porous Ionic Liquids Materials

Porous ionic liquid materials are a well-established reality in the field of functional porous materials. The combination of the porosity, with the ionic liquids functionality give rise to a large variety of materials useful for a broad range of applications, ranging from the gas adsorption/separation to the catalysis. The chapter gives an overview on all the kind of porous materials that bear the ionic liquid functionality ranging from the porous poly(ionic liquid)s, the porous cationic polymers, the ionic liquids supported or grafted in several kinds of pre-formed porous inorganic or hybrid materials, In particular, in the hybrid materials, the ionic liquid moiety is an integrating part of an organic-inorganic hybrid structure, as in the case of the Metal Organic Frameworks (MOFs), and the Periodic Mesoporous Organosilicas (PMOs). The porous materials described in the chapter bear the common ionic liquid functionalities, such as imidazolium, pyridinium and ammonium. A brief discussion is given on the synthetic approaches and on the evaluation of the porosity in terms of surface area and pore size distribution, distinguishing between microporous and mesoporous materials.