Conservative treatment for medial collateral ligament injuries of the knee

Medial collateral ligament (MCL) and postero-medial capsule injuries are among the most common knee ligament injuries. Considering the high reparative potential of the MCL, most of these lesions can be treated conservatively. The treatment protocol varies according to the grade and location of the lesion together with the overall limb alignment of the patient. A correct conservative treatment is fundamental in achieving good function of the knee and avoiding residual instability. The goal of this review was to outline anatomy, biomechanics, clinical examination, imaging and conservative treatment for grade I, II, and III injuries of the MCL and posteromedial capsule.