Aims The incidence of type 1 diabetes has increased over the last decades. The pathological pathway is not yet clear, even if genetic and environmental risk factors are known. An early diagnosis can avoid ketoacidosis and its complications. This work aims to discuss the determinants of both ketoacidosis at the onset and access by hospital emergency departments without a suspected diagnosis. Methods An observational bi-centric prospective study was conducted in Northern Italy, on a paediatric population including Italian and migrant patients at the diabetes onset. Seventy-four type 1 diabetes patients, both Italian and migrant, were included in the study. Anthropometric, socio-economic, behavioural, clinical data were collected, and microbiota analyses were performed using stool samples. Results Regular physical activity is associated with lower ketoacidosis incidence at onset (OR 0.33 95% CI 0.12–0.95 p<0.05), as is higher blood vitamin D level (OR 0.92 95% CI 0.85–0.99 p<0.05). Moreover, a higher weaning age (OR 0.49 95% CI 0.27–0.89 p<0.05), higher vitamin D level (OR 0.90 95% CI 0.83–0.98 p<0.05) and a higher level of Akkermansia muciniphila (OR 0.46 95% CI 0.25–0.87 p<0.05) are associated factors to lower frequency of type 1 diabetes onset without a suspected diagnosis. Diabetes migrant status is not a risk factor for severe type 1 diabetes onset; on the other hand, some protective factors are signifcantly more difused among Italians, such as regular sport activity and non-critical vitamin D levels. Conclusion Behavioural and nutritional data, such as microbiota bio-indicators, seem to be useful to identify an at-risk population to prevent ketoacidosis and its severe complications.

Microbiota, epidemiological and nutritional factors related to ketoacidosis at the onset of type 1 diabetes

Ivana Rabbone
First
;
Deborah Traversi
;
Giacomo Scaioli;Camilla Vallini;Giulia Carletto;Irene Masante;Marilena Durazzo;Alessandro Collo;Paola Belci;Arianna Ferro;Franco Cerutti;Roberta Siliquini
Last
2020-01-01

Abstract

Aims The incidence of type 1 diabetes has increased over the last decades. The pathological pathway is not yet clear, even if genetic and environmental risk factors are known. An early diagnosis can avoid ketoacidosis and its complications. This work aims to discuss the determinants of both ketoacidosis at the onset and access by hospital emergency departments without a suspected diagnosis. Methods An observational bi-centric prospective study was conducted in Northern Italy, on a paediatric population including Italian and migrant patients at the diabetes onset. Seventy-four type 1 diabetes patients, both Italian and migrant, were included in the study. Anthropometric, socio-economic, behavioural, clinical data were collected, and microbiota analyses were performed using stool samples. Results Regular physical activity is associated with lower ketoacidosis incidence at onset (OR 0.33 95% CI 0.12–0.95 p<0.05), as is higher blood vitamin D level (OR 0.92 95% CI 0.85–0.99 p<0.05). Moreover, a higher weaning age (OR 0.49 95% CI 0.27–0.89 p<0.05), higher vitamin D level (OR 0.90 95% CI 0.83–0.98 p<0.05) and a higher level of Akkermansia muciniphila (OR 0.46 95% CI 0.25–0.87 p<0.05) are associated factors to lower frequency of type 1 diabetes onset without a suspected diagnosis. Diabetes migrant status is not a risk factor for severe type 1 diabetes onset; on the other hand, some protective factors are signifcantly more difused among Italians, such as regular sport activity and non-critical vitamin D levels. Conclusion Behavioural and nutritional data, such as microbiota bio-indicators, seem to be useful to identify an at-risk population to prevent ketoacidosis and its severe complications.
2020
57
11
1337
1349
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00592-020-01555-z
Type 1 diabetes · Microbiota · Migrant · Diabetic ketoacidosis · Akkermansia muciniphila
Ivana Rabbone, Deborah Traversi, Giacomo Scaioli, Camilla Vallini, Giulia Carletto, Irene Masante, Marilena Durazzo, Alessandro Collo, Paola Belci, Arianna Ferro, Francesco Cadario, Silvia Savastio, Deborah Carrera, Franco Cerutti, Roberta Siliquini
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/2318/1740254
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