Background: Particulate matter (PM) air pollution is a human lung carcinogen; however, the components responsible have not been identified. We assessed the associations between PM components and lung cancer incidence. Methods: We used data from 14 cohort studies in eight European countries. We geocoded baseline addresses and assessed air pollution with land-use regression models for eight elements (Cu, Fe, K, Ni, S, Si, V and Zn) in size fractions of PM2.5 and PM10. We used Cox regression models with adjustment for potential confounders for cohort-specific analyses and random effect models for meta-analysis. Results: The 245,782 cohort members contributed 3,229,220person-years at risk. During follow-up (mean, 13.1 years), 1878 incident cases of lung cancer were diagnosed. In the meta-analyses, elevated hazard ratios (HRs) for lung cancer were associated with all elements except V; none was statistically significant. In analyses restricted to participants who did not change residence during follow-up, statistically significant associations were found for PM2.5 Cu (HR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.01-1.53 per 5 ng/m3), PM10 Zn (1.28; 1.02-1.59 per 20 ng/m3), PM10 S (1.58; 1.03-2.44 per 200 ng/m3), PM10 Ni (1.59; 1.12-2.26 per 2 ng/m3) and PM10 K (1.17; 1.02-1.33 per 100 ng/m3). In two-pollutant models, associations between PM10 and PM2.5 and lung cancer were largely explained by PM2.5 S. Conclusions: This study indicates that the association between PM in air pollution and lung cancer can be attributed to various PM components and sources. PM containing S and Ni might be particularly important.

Particulate matter air pollution components and risk for lung cancer

Ricceri F.;Migliore E.;Vineis P.
2016-01-01

Abstract

Background: Particulate matter (PM) air pollution is a human lung carcinogen; however, the components responsible have not been identified. We assessed the associations between PM components and lung cancer incidence. Methods: We used data from 14 cohort studies in eight European countries. We geocoded baseline addresses and assessed air pollution with land-use regression models for eight elements (Cu, Fe, K, Ni, S, Si, V and Zn) in size fractions of PM2.5 and PM10. We used Cox regression models with adjustment for potential confounders for cohort-specific analyses and random effect models for meta-analysis. Results: The 245,782 cohort members contributed 3,229,220person-years at risk. During follow-up (mean, 13.1 years), 1878 incident cases of lung cancer were diagnosed. In the meta-analyses, elevated hazard ratios (HRs) for lung cancer were associated with all elements except V; none was statistically significant. In analyses restricted to participants who did not change residence during follow-up, statistically significant associations were found for PM2.5 Cu (HR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.01-1.53 per 5 ng/m3), PM10 Zn (1.28; 1.02-1.59 per 20 ng/m3), PM10 S (1.58; 1.03-2.44 per 200 ng/m3), PM10 Ni (1.59; 1.12-2.26 per 2 ng/m3) and PM10 K (1.17; 1.02-1.33 per 100 ng/m3). In two-pollutant models, associations between PM10 and PM2.5 and lung cancer were largely explained by PM2.5 S. Conclusions: This study indicates that the association between PM in air pollution and lung cancer can be attributed to various PM components and sources. PM containing S and Ni might be particularly important.
2016
87
66
73
Air pollution; Cohort study; Lung cancer; Nickel; Particulate matter; Sulfur; Adult; Aged; Air Pollutants; Cohort Studies; Environmental Exposure; Europe; Female; Humans; Incidence; Inhalation Exposure; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Particle Size; Particulate Matter; Proportional Hazards Models; Prospective Studies; Risk
Raaschou-Nielsen O.; Beelen R.; Wang M.; Hoek G.; Andersen Z.J.; Hoffmann B.; Stafoggia M.; Samoli E.; Weinmayr G.; Dimakopoulou K.; Nieuwenhuijsen M.; Xun W.W.; Fischer P.; Eriksen K.T.; Sorensen M.; Tjonneland A.; Ricceri F.; de Hoogh K.; Key T.; Eeftens M.; Peeters P.H.; Bueno-de-Mesquita H.B.; Meliefste K.; Oftedal B.; Schwarze P.E.; Nafstad P.; Galassi C.; Migliore E.; Ranzi A.; Cesaroni G.; Badaloni C.; Forastiere F.; Penell J.; De Faire U.; Korek M.; Pedersen N.; Ostenson C.-G.; Pershagen G.; Fratiglioni L.; Concin H.; Nagel G.; Jaensch A.; Ineichen A.; Naccarati A.; Katsoulis M.; Trichpoulou A.; Keuken M.; Jedynska A.; Kooter I.M.; Kukkonen J.; Brunekreef B.; Sokhi R.S.; Katsouyanni K.; Vineis P.
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/2318/1766566
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