Objectives: the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of ceftazidime/avibactam (CZA) resistance among carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) blood culture isolates as well as the performance of the main carbapenemase phenotypic detection methods to identify KPC variants associated with CZA resistance. Methods: non-duplicate CPE strains isolated from blood cultures during 2018–2020 were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility. Molecular testing was used to identify carbapenemase-producers. Strains harbouring blaKPC and with a CZA minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ≥8 mg/L were investigated by sequencing. Subsequentially, five phenotypic carbapenemase detection methods were evaluated on these strains, namely the modified carbapenem inactivation method (mCIM), Rapidec® Carba NP, the disk diffusion synergy test, NG-Test CARBA® 5 and RESIST-5 O.O.K.N.V. Results: overall, the CZA resistance rate was high (13.7%) and remained relevant (5.9%) excluding metallo-β-lactamases-producers. All isolates harbouringblaKPC mutants (n = 8) were associated with reduced carbapenem MICs and negative results by all detection methods based on revelation of enzyme activity. Lateral flow immunoassays failed to detect KPC-31 (n = 4) and KPC-33 (n = 2) but correctly identified KPC-14 (n = 2). Conversely, isolates harbouring wild-type KPC genes (n = 3) were associated with high-level CZA resistance and carbapenem resistance and tested positive by all of the evaluated methods. Conclusion: in the era of CZA-based therapies, molecular blaKPC identification followed by a carbapenem hydrolysis-based phenotypic assay could be the most reasonable diagnostic algorithm to detect all KPC-producers and to identify mutants associated with impaired carbapenemase activity and CZA resistance.
Carbapenemase detection testing in the era of ceftazidime/avibactam-resistant KPC-producing Enterobacterales: A 2-year experience.
Gabriele Bianco
First
;Matteo Boattini;Marco Iannaccone;Alessandro Bondi;Davide Ghibaudo;Elisa Zanotto;Marco Peradotto;Rossana Cavallo;Cristina CostaLast
2021-01-01
Abstract
Objectives: the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of ceftazidime/avibactam (CZA) resistance among carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) blood culture isolates as well as the performance of the main carbapenemase phenotypic detection methods to identify KPC variants associated with CZA resistance. Methods: non-duplicate CPE strains isolated from blood cultures during 2018–2020 were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility. Molecular testing was used to identify carbapenemase-producers. Strains harbouring blaKPC and with a CZA minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ≥8 mg/L were investigated by sequencing. Subsequentially, five phenotypic carbapenemase detection methods were evaluated on these strains, namely the modified carbapenem inactivation method (mCIM), Rapidec® Carba NP, the disk diffusion synergy test, NG-Test CARBA® 5 and RESIST-5 O.O.K.N.V. Results: overall, the CZA resistance rate was high (13.7%) and remained relevant (5.9%) excluding metallo-β-lactamases-producers. All isolates harbouringblaKPC mutants (n = 8) were associated with reduced carbapenem MICs and negative results by all detection methods based on revelation of enzyme activity. Lateral flow immunoassays failed to detect KPC-31 (n = 4) and KPC-33 (n = 2) but correctly identified KPC-14 (n = 2). Conversely, isolates harbouring wild-type KPC genes (n = 3) were associated with high-level CZA resistance and carbapenem resistance and tested positive by all of the evaluated methods. Conclusion: in the era of CZA-based therapies, molecular blaKPC identification followed by a carbapenem hydrolysis-based phenotypic assay could be the most reasonable diagnostic algorithm to detect all KPC-producers and to identify mutants associated with impaired carbapenemase activity and CZA resistance.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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