Intracorporeal or extracorporeal ileocolic anastomosis after laparoscopic right colectomy: cost analysis of the Torino trial

Background Intracorporeal (IIA) and extracorporeal anastomosis (EIA) are two well-established techniques for restoration of bowel continuity after laparoscopic right colectomy (LRC). Since no economic analysis comparing the two different anastomotic techniques has been performed yet, it is still unclear if IIA can reduce perioperative costs. The aim of the study was to compare costs of LRC with IIA or EIA for right-sided colon neoplasm. Methods This is a cost analysis of a single-institution double-blinded randomized controlled trial comparing the outcomes of LRC with IIA and LRC with EIA in patients with a right-sided colon neoplasm. All direct in-hospital costs related to patient's admission were recorded (intraoperative costs: operative room, surgical tools, blood units-postoperative costs: hospital stay, laboratory and microbiology analyses, diagnostic services, analgesic drugs and antibiotic therapy, blood units, reoperation-outpatient costs: post-discharge wound medications). This trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, Number NCT03045107. Results A total of 140 patients were randomized and analyzed. Mean overall costs in the IIA group exceeded 349 euro the mean overall costs of the EIA group (7926.87 +/- 4617.23 euro vs. 7577.45 +/- 6131.17 euro; P = 0.704). A mean extra charge of 608 euro regarding total intraoperative costs was recorded in the IIA group (3058.84 +/- 897.42 euro vs. 2450.15 +/- 558.90 euro; P < 0.001). The cost of surgical instruments resulted in 542 euro additional charge per patient in the IIA group compared to EIA group (1782.74 +/- 541.26 euro vs. 1240.55 +/- 384.09 euro; P < 0.001). The mean cost of operative room occupancy was comparable in IIA and EIA group: 1276.09 +/- 514.94 euro vs. 1209.60 +/- 422.80 euro (P = 0.405). No significant differences were observed in postoperative costs and in outpatient costs. Conclusion This economic analysis showed that IIA and EIA after LRC had similar overall costs, even though there were intraoperative extra costs of IIA.