Influenze narrative e prestiti interculturali nelle fiabe della Siberia centrale: da Mark Azadovskij a Ivàn lo scemo

In 1925 the soviet ethnographer Mark. K. Azadovsky published Besedy sobiratelja. O sobiranii i zapysivanii pamjatnikov ustnogo narodnogo tvorčestva primnitel'no v Sibiri (Conversations with the collector of tales. On collecting and transcribing monuments of oral production specifically in Siberia), a volume that was destined both to overshadow the then current ideas of Siberian peoples as primitive and lacking a real corpus of tales, and to trigger a broader debate on tale tellers. Although Azadovsky's volume shed light on different sources of influences that affected tales, such as those coming from the brodyagi (vagabonds) or the penal colonists, he failed to take into account other forms of borrowings coming from the narratives of the indigenous groups populating Siberian central areas. In particular, one of the main forms of superpositions comes from a widespread folk genre called Legendy o šamanach (“Legends on shamans”). My argument is that not only tales coming from this area appear to be the offspring of different contacts between hunters, penal colonists, vagabonds, farmers, peasants but also from indigenous narratives about shamans.