Grapevine is considered the most important fruit crop cultivated in temperate regions and is acknowledged as a model species for non-climacteric fleshy fruits. From a nutritional perspective, grapes are fruits with a high content of carbohydrates, a good nutritional source of minerals and vitamins, and most importantly, they are one of the richest fruits in polyphenols and other compounds with antioxidant properties. In particular, this chapter focuses on nutraceutical compounds such as phenolic acids, stilbenes, flavonols, flavanols, tannins, anthocyanidins, monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, carotenoids, C13-norisoprenoids, and some vitamins. Their chemical structures and biosynthetic pathways are revised, and the content and diversity of these secondary metabolites in genetic resources of the genus Vitis (including Muscadinia and Vitis species, focusing on V. vinifera cultivars) are shown. In addition, QTL and association studies exploring the genetic basis of the biosynthesis of different health-related compounds in V. vinifera grape berries were asserted. Finally, a survey on the peculiarities and limits of traditional breeding compared to the innovative plant breeding techniques (cisgenesis and genome editing) applied to grapevine is provided. We conclude with the potential role of grape miRNA on human health as likely candidates for dietary therapy approaches due to their cross-kingdom abilities and regulation activity of gene expression and cellular processes in humans through dietary intake.

Grapes: A Crop with High Nutraceuticals Genetic Diversity

Savoi, S
Last
2023-01-01

Abstract

Grapevine is considered the most important fruit crop cultivated in temperate regions and is acknowledged as a model species for non-climacteric fleshy fruits. From a nutritional perspective, grapes are fruits with a high content of carbohydrates, a good nutritional source of minerals and vitamins, and most importantly, they are one of the richest fruits in polyphenols and other compounds with antioxidant properties. In particular, this chapter focuses on nutraceutical compounds such as phenolic acids, stilbenes, flavonols, flavanols, tannins, anthocyanidins, monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, carotenoids, C13-norisoprenoids, and some vitamins. Their chemical structures and biosynthetic pathways are revised, and the content and diversity of these secondary metabolites in genetic resources of the genus Vitis (including Muscadinia and Vitis species, focusing on V. vinifera cultivars) are shown. In addition, QTL and association studies exploring the genetic basis of the biosynthesis of different health-related compounds in V. vinifera grape berries were asserted. Finally, a survey on the peculiarities and limits of traditional breeding compared to the innovative plant breeding techniques (cisgenesis and genome editing) applied to grapevine is provided. We conclude with the potential role of grape miRNA on human health as likely candidates for dietary therapy approaches due to their cross-kingdom abilities and regulation activity of gene expression and cellular processes in humans through dietary intake.
2023
Compendium of Crop Genome Designing for Nutraceuticals
Springer Nature
1
40
978-981-19-3627-2
978-981-19-3627-2
https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-981-19-3627-2_37-1#DOI
Vitis vinifera, Stilbenes, Anthocyanins, Monoterpenes, Carotenoids, miRNA, Cisgenesis, Genome editing
Tello, J; Moffa, L; Ferradás, Y; Gasparro, M; Chitarra, W; Milella, RA; Nerva, L; Savoi, S
File in questo prodotto:
File Dimensione Formato  
16_Tello_2023_BookChapter_in_CompendiumofNutraceuticals.pdf

Accesso riservato

Tipo di file: PDF EDITORIALE
Dimensione 679.96 kB
Formato Adobe PDF
679.96 kB Adobe PDF   Visualizza/Apri   Richiedi una copia

I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.

Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/2318/1927698
Citazioni
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.pmc??? ND
  • Scopus 0
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.isi??? ND
social impact