Oltre la rappresentazione. Verso una concezione sostantiva di paesaggio

This article aims to overcome the representational conceptions of landscape in order to recover its substantive character. Landscape appears as a semantically ambiguous and tensive concept in both conceptualizations, but if the representational approaches draw on the dualisms of modernity (between nature and culture, subject and object, art and sciences) and understands landscape in terms of a spiritual / artistic / visual construction opposed to nature, a substantive approach towards landscape emphasizes the continuity between the natural and the anthropic and, without denying the constructive potential of subjective or cultural perceptions, endows the geographical forms with the capacity to produce meanings, constraints and socio-political options by means of their aesthetic qualities. The article is divided in five paragraphs: the first four discuss different kinds of representational attitude towards landscape elaborated during the XX century (the cognitive, the idealistic, and the critic approach), while in the fifth paragraph I will pin down some elements to build an integrally substantive conception of landscape, opening the path for further research developments.