Multi-objective optimization of the performance and emissions characteristics of a CI engine powered by Pyrus glabra biodiesel as a novel feedstock using response surface method

Finding new renewable sources for the production of biofuels has attracted a lot of attention in recent years due to the reduction of fossil resources. A new biodiesel feedstock as a renewable source is presented in this study. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance and emissions of diesel engines powered by diesel and biodiesel fuel blends by volume percentages of 5, 10, 15 and 20. The multi-objective optimization is applied to minimize engine emissions and maximize the performance of the engine. The obtained results revealed that engine load and biodiesel ratio have a significant effect on the engine emissions and parameters at the 5% level. The results revealed that when the diesel engine was operated with an engine load of 70% and biodiesel concentration of 9% as an optimal condition. The optimal value of the BTE, BSFC, brake power, and brake torque were 20%, 307 g/kW.h, 24 kW, and 94 Nm, respectively. The optimal value of engine-out emissions was 12 ppm, 9%, and 209 ppm for HC, CO2, and NOX emissions, respectively. The desirability value was found to be 73% at this optimal engine working condition.