Metacognition, social cognition, and social functioning in schizophrenia: current evidence

Objective The purpose of this narrative, non-systematic review was to examine the interconnections between metacognition, social cognition, and social functioning based on current evidence. Methods A literature search on PubMed was carried out (from 1997 through 2024) to find all narrative or systematic reviews and meta-analyses published in English. Results Eight out of 379 records met the inclusion criteria: three reports analyzed the relationship between metacognition and social functioning, three the relationship between social cognition and social functioning, two the interplay between metacognition, social cognition and social functioning in schizophrenia. Discussion Understanding the interplay between metacognition and social cognition is crucial for improving social functioning of patients affected by schizophrenia. Although a considerable amount of the literature focused on the relationship between social functioning and social cognition, there is a lack of secondary literature that explores the dynamics between social functioning, social cognition, and metacognition. Future research directions should continue to explore the complex interplay among these variables, with a focus on moving theoretical knowledge into practical, therapeutic applications that enhance the lives of individuals living with schizophrenia.