Reconstructiong Chrysippus’ Logical Investigations: The Case of PHerc. 307, Col. 64 (= Col. 3 Crönert/Marrone)

In this paper we present a new edition of PHerc. 307’s former col. 3 Crönert/Marrone, now col. 64 Vassallo, where several fresh readings allow us to show that in this text the main question is why and how falsehood occurs. Seeking a solution to this question, Chrysippus argues that all steps in human cognition are subject to severe restrictions concerning reality. The ultimate warning is that several factors (such as the nature of our εἴδη) may turn the reliable impressions created by really existing objects into acataleptic or even false impressions. As a whole, this case study demonstrates that new editorial work on this intriguing Herculaneum text can provide philosophical insights to enhance our knowledge of Stoic logic.