The Current State of Gliomagenesis Knowledge in Light of New Classifications

Gliomas are a large group of tumors that originate from glial cells, which are responsible for supporting the function of brain nerve cells. The ongoing updating of central nervous system (CNS) tumor biology and advances in diagnostic technologies have led to the integration of ancient histopathological models with a new molecular diagnostic approach to classify them. This chapter presents a comprehensive overview of the pathogenesis of gliomas, focusing on both established and emerging knowledge regarding the major genetic mutations and pathogenic pathways that contribute to the development of these highly infiltrative tumors. The intricate interplay between the tumor microenvironment, alterations in molecular signaling cascades, and epigenetic mutations is crucial in determining the complex nature of glioma pathogenesis.