A dedicated search for upward-going air showers at zenith angles exceeding 110° and energies E>0.1 EeV has been performed using the Fluorescence Detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory. The search is motivated by two "anomalous"radio pulses observed by the ANITA flights I and III that appear inconsistent with the standard model of particle physics. Using simulations of both regular cosmic-ray showers and upward-going events, a selection procedure has been defined to separate potential upward-going candidate events and the corresponding exposure has been calculated in the energy range [0.1-33] EeV. One event has been found in the search period between January 1, 2004, and December 31, 2018, consistent with an expected background of 0.27±0.12 events from misreconstructed cosmic-ray showers. This translates to an upper bound on the integral flux of (7.2±0.2)×10-21 cm-2 sr-1 y-1 and (3.6±0.2)×10-20 cm-2 sr-1 y-1 for an E-1 and E-2 spectrum, respectively. An upward-going flux of showers normalized to the ANITA observations is shown to predict over 34 events for an E-3 spectrum and over 8.1 events for a conservative E-5 spectrum, in strong disagreement with the interpretation of the anomalous events as upward-going showers.
A search for the anomalous events detected by ANITA using the Pierre Auger Observatory
M. Aglietta;G. A. Anastasi;E. Arnone;M. E. Bertaina;M. Bianciotto;A. Gorgi;E. Guido;S. Martinelli;R. Mussa;C. Taricco;
2025-01-01
Abstract
A dedicated search for upward-going air showers at zenith angles exceeding 110° and energies E>0.1 EeV has been performed using the Fluorescence Detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory. The search is motivated by two "anomalous"radio pulses observed by the ANITA flights I and III that appear inconsistent with the standard model of particle physics. Using simulations of both regular cosmic-ray showers and upward-going events, a selection procedure has been defined to separate potential upward-going candidate events and the corresponding exposure has been calculated in the energy range [0.1-33] EeV. One event has been found in the search period between January 1, 2004, and December 31, 2018, consistent with an expected background of 0.27±0.12 events from misreconstructed cosmic-ray showers. This translates to an upper bound on the integral flux of (7.2±0.2)×10-21 cm-2 sr-1 y-1 and (3.6±0.2)×10-20 cm-2 sr-1 y-1 for an E-1 and E-2 spectrum, respectively. An upward-going flux of showers normalized to the ANITA observations is shown to predict over 34 events for an E-3 spectrum and over 8.1 events for a conservative E-5 spectrum, in strong disagreement with the interpretation of the anomalous events as upward-going showers.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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