Cancer therapy evolved from cytotoxic chemotherapy to targeted and immune treatments guided by molecular profiling. Early cytotoxic drugs, rooted in mustard-gas observations, remain effective but toxic. Targeted agents exploit oncogenic vulnerabilities yet commonly select resistant clones. Checkpoint inhibitors and engineered modalities (ADCs, BiTEs, CAR-T) yield responses but are limited by toxicity and adaptive antigen loss. Future treatment combinations will require targeting the evolution of resistance. To view this SnapShot, open or download the PDF.
SnapShot: The hallmarks of cancer treatment
Vitiello, Pietro Paolo;Amodio, Vito;Bardelli, AlbertoLast
2026-01-01
Abstract
Cancer therapy evolved from cytotoxic chemotherapy to targeted and immune treatments guided by molecular profiling. Early cytotoxic drugs, rooted in mustard-gas observations, remain effective but toxic. Targeted agents exploit oncogenic vulnerabilities yet commonly select resistant clones. Checkpoint inhibitors and engineered modalities (ADCs, BiTEs, CAR-T) yield responses but are limited by toxicity and adaptive antigen loss. Future treatment combinations will require targeting the evolution of resistance. To view this SnapShot, open or download the PDF.
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