Psychological Coaching in Esports: From Theory to Practice

This study explores the application of a psychological theoretical-practical framework, which was originally developed for traditional sports, to the context of professional esports. The e-S.F.E.R.A. model focuses on five core mental dimensions: Synchrony, (Points of) Strength, Energy, Rhythm, and Activation. The e-S.F.E.R.A. Questionnaire was developed and validated to assess these dimensions among esports players. Building on this framework, a quasi-experimental protocol involving 97 professional players was implemented. The experimental group received a two-session psychological training program, according to which participants had to train each S.F.E.R.A. factor through guided exercises delivered in video-based modules. A control group received no training. Results from repeated-measures ANOVA indicated significant improvements in performance satisfaction, perceived potential expression, and engagement for the experimental group. These findings support the relevance of structured psychological interventions in competitive esports and highlight the potential of the S.F.E.R.A. model as a coaching tool for enhancing mental readiness and performance also in esports, alongside traditional sports and other field of human performance (e.g., business, teaching, and music).