Tra inclusione ed esclusione. La vicenda della cittadinanza in una prospettiva mondiale

Literature regarding citizenship is often dedicated to the internal dimension of this institution, meaning the relationship between citizens and the political agencies by whom they are created. However, little attention is given to its external dimension, that is the criteria through which citizen status is attributed to some but not others. This article focuses instead on the external development of citizenship, and on its exclusive dimension. In the attempt to explain exclusion dynamics, we will center our attention on a specific element of this institution, the social one. We will go through the main stages of «social citizenship », from its origin to its consolidation.