Since 1938, Nyamulagira volcano (Democratic Republic of Congo) has operated as a classic pressurized basaltic closed system, characterized by frequent dike-fed flank eruptions. However, on June 24, 2014, an active lava lake was observed in its summit, after a period of 76 years. The small lava lake is now exposed at the bottom of a pit-crater and is rising and growing. Based on satellite-derived infrared (IR) data, SO2 fluxes and periodic field surveys, we provide evidence that the development of the lava lake was gradual and occurred more than 2 years before it was first observed in the field. Notably, this process followed the voluminous 2011– 2012 distal flank eruption and was coeval with weakening of the central rock column below the summit. Hence, the opening and development of the pit-crater favoured the continuous rise of fresh magma through the central conduit and promoted the gradual re-birth of the Nyamulagira lava lake.
Birth of a lava lake: Nyamulagira volcano 2011–2015
COPPOLA, DIEGO;LAIOLO, Marco;CIGOLINI, Corrado;
2016-01-01
Abstract
Since 1938, Nyamulagira volcano (Democratic Republic of Congo) has operated as a classic pressurized basaltic closed system, characterized by frequent dike-fed flank eruptions. However, on June 24, 2014, an active lava lake was observed in its summit, after a period of 76 years. The small lava lake is now exposed at the bottom of a pit-crater and is rising and growing. Based on satellite-derived infrared (IR) data, SO2 fluxes and periodic field surveys, we provide evidence that the development of the lava lake was gradual and occurred more than 2 years before it was first observed in the field. Notably, this process followed the voluminous 2011– 2012 distal flank eruption and was coeval with weakening of the central rock column below the summit. Hence, the opening and development of the pit-crater favoured the continuous rise of fresh magma through the central conduit and promoted the gradual re-birth of the Nyamulagira lava lake.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
---|---|---|---|
Coppola_etal_2016(BUVO)_Nyamulagira.pdf
Open Access dal 27/03/2018
Tipo di file:
POSTPRINT (VERSIONE FINALE DELL’AUTORE)
Dimensione
493.44 kB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
493.44 kB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
Coppola_etal_2016(BUVO)_Nyamulagira.pdf
Accesso riservato
Tipo di file:
PDF EDITORIALE
Dimensione
9.68 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
9.68 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri Richiedi una copia |
I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.