A BIM-based approach to façade cladding optimization: geometrical, economic, and production-control in a DfMA perspective

The goal of this paper is providing a methodology properly supporting façade optimization in a DfMA (Design for Manufacturing and Assembly) perspective. DfMA has proven to facilitate offsite manufacturing, lowering costs and improving speed and quality of construction, especially combined with BIM strategies. A BIM-based methodology can help in setting parameters for the proper optimization of the façade, balancing production related needs and design requirements. The proposed method allows the exploration of alternatives (known as Design Optioneering) to optimize the choice of façade elements. This method is based on a mathematical algorithm and script including parameters related to geometry, production waste management and designer’s needs. The proposed methodology has been tested on a newly built school in Northern Italy.