Background/Objectives: In the absence of physiological mechanisms to excrete excessive iron, the administration of iron chelation therapy is necessary. Age and hormones have an impact on the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of the medications used to treat iron excess, resulting in notable sex- and gender-related variances. Methods: Here, we aimed to review the literature on sex and gender in iron overload assessment and treatment. Results: The development of iron chelators has shown to be a successful therapy for lowering the body’s iron levels and averting the tissue damage and organ failure that follows. Numerous studies have described how individual factors can impact chelation treatment, potentially impact therapeutic response, and/or result in inadequate chelation or elevated toxicity; however, most of these data have not considered male and female patients as different groups, and particularly, the effect of hormonal variations in women have never been considered. Conclusions: An effective iron chelation treatment should take into account sex and gender differences.

Sex and Gender Differences in Iron Chelation

Allegra, Sarah
First
;
Comità, Stefano;Roetto, Antonella;De Francia, Silvia
Last
2024-01-01

Abstract

Background/Objectives: In the absence of physiological mechanisms to excrete excessive iron, the administration of iron chelation therapy is necessary. Age and hormones have an impact on the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of the medications used to treat iron excess, resulting in notable sex- and gender-related variances. Methods: Here, we aimed to review the literature on sex and gender in iron overload assessment and treatment. Results: The development of iron chelators has shown to be a successful therapy for lowering the body’s iron levels and averting the tissue damage and organ failure that follows. Numerous studies have described how individual factors can impact chelation treatment, potentially impact therapeutic response, and/or result in inadequate chelation or elevated toxicity; however, most of these data have not considered male and female patients as different groups, and particularly, the effect of hormonal variations in women have never been considered. Conclusions: An effective iron chelation treatment should take into account sex and gender differences.
2024
12
12
1
15
deferasirox; deferiprone; deferoxamine; iron overload; luspatercept; personalized medicine
Allegra, Sarah; Comità, Stefano; Roetto, Antonella; De Francia, Silvia
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/2318/2044771
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