Resilienza e trasformazione: il caso del processo di integrazione europea

The article explores the resilience of the European Union (EU) in the face of challenges like the Covid-19 pandemic. The central question is whether the EU has undergone transformative changes or merely adjusted to preserve its ordoliberal foundations. The current phase of European integration is more a restructuring than a radical transformation, focusing on the concept of resilience. Resilience, in this context, is seen as a capacity to adapt and maintain the existing economic structure, precluding realtransformation and reinforcing the "There Is No Alternative" (TINA) doctrine.The main critiques are about a continuation of the neoliberal order, where state interventions primarily serve to support markets rather than address social needs.The EU's response to the pandemic, particularly through the Next Generation EU plan, is scrutinized for its neoliberal underpinnings. The plan's benefits are largely directed toward businesses, while substantial equality and social rights are sidelined. The emphasis on competition and market efficiency, even in the guise of solidarity, reflects a welfare system that prioritizes corporate interests over public welfare. Moreover, the article highlights the EU's structural challenges, such as the dominance of economic forces over political ones and the reduction of democratic accountability. The article concludes by calling for a fundamental transformation of the EU's economic and social model. Rather than resilience, what is needed is a revolutionary change that reimagines European integration based on social and economic justice, aligned with constitutionalism and human rights.