Somatic and sexual hybridization provided an effective means for accessing wild germplasm and extending the genetic variability in S. melongena. Somatic tetraploid hybrids between eggplant and the allied species S. aethiopicum gr. aculeatum and S. aethiopicum gr. gilo have been obtained.After ploidy reduction through anther culture, the dihaploids were incorporated into the breeding program for introgression of Fusarium wilt resistance. At the same time, interspecific sexual hybrid was also obtained with Solanum sodomeum L., reported as tolerant/resistant to Verticillium wilt. Thus, introgression breeding to improve the tolerance to Verticillium wilt was started as well. The selection for fungal wilt resistance/tolerance was based on the response to artificial inoculation with both fungi and subsequent cultivation on natural Verticillium infected soil. After 4-6 cycles of backcrosses,, lines with improved features of fruits and plants were obtained. The subsequent 2-4 selfing cycles allowed to fix superior lines with interesting agronomical traits. The fruit weight increased reaching that of the recurrent eggplant lines imployed in the backcrosses. Selected pure lines were completely resistant to Fusarium wilt. Genetic analysis of the segregating progenies confirmed the monogenic nature of resistance trait. In the selection for Verticillium wilt tolerant genotyps, no clear response were obtained in terms of resistance when compared to the results gathered for Fusarium wilt. However, the best selected lines showed an appreciable increase of field tolerance. This result may be explained by the quantitative nature of the resistance to Verticillium wilt in eggplant. The best lines are going to be employed for the synthesis of F1 hybrids. In the last years,thebest introgressed lines from the three single allied species were inter-crossed each other to cumulate the useful traits from the different solanaceoussources into different S. melongena genetic background. This is because eggplant lines with different typologies of fruits were used as recurrent parents.
First eggplant pure lines of different typologies derived from sexual and somatic hybridization with S. sodomaeum, S. aethiopicum gr. aculeatum and gr. gilo.
TAMIETTI, Giacomo;VALENTINO, Danila;
2007-01-01
Abstract
Somatic and sexual hybridization provided an effective means for accessing wild germplasm and extending the genetic variability in S. melongena. Somatic tetraploid hybrids between eggplant and the allied species S. aethiopicum gr. aculeatum and S. aethiopicum gr. gilo have been obtained.After ploidy reduction through anther culture, the dihaploids were incorporated into the breeding program for introgression of Fusarium wilt resistance. At the same time, interspecific sexual hybrid was also obtained with Solanum sodomeum L., reported as tolerant/resistant to Verticillium wilt. Thus, introgression breeding to improve the tolerance to Verticillium wilt was started as well. The selection for fungal wilt resistance/tolerance was based on the response to artificial inoculation with both fungi and subsequent cultivation on natural Verticillium infected soil. After 4-6 cycles of backcrosses,, lines with improved features of fruits and plants were obtained. The subsequent 2-4 selfing cycles allowed to fix superior lines with interesting agronomical traits. The fruit weight increased reaching that of the recurrent eggplant lines imployed in the backcrosses. Selected pure lines were completely resistant to Fusarium wilt. Genetic analysis of the segregating progenies confirmed the monogenic nature of resistance trait. In the selection for Verticillium wilt tolerant genotyps, no clear response were obtained in terms of resistance when compared to the results gathered for Fusarium wilt. However, the best selected lines showed an appreciable increase of field tolerance. This result may be explained by the quantitative nature of the resistance to Verticillium wilt in eggplant. The best lines are going to be employed for the synthesis of F1 hybrids. In the last years,thebest introgressed lines from the three single allied species were inter-crossed each other to cumulate the useful traits from the different solanaceoussources into different S. melongena genetic background. This is because eggplant lines with different typologies of fruits were used as recurrent parents.
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