Effects of different pasture types on milk and cheese fatty acid profile for grass-fed dairy product valorisation - The effect of cow feeding on fatty acids (FA) profile of dairy products have been deeply investigated especially in experimental condition, since now. Aiming at testing the effectiveness of milk and cheese FAs as metabolic tracers of animal feeding also in non experimental context, dairy products of 16 farms located in 5 alpine valleys were analyzed during three researches and animal feeding was registered. Moreover this work also aimed at investigating the possibility of discrimination between dairy products derived from different highly biodiverse pasture vegetation. Phyto-pastoral surveys were used to describe the vegetation whose exploitation produced the bulk milk and cheese sampled for FA analysis. FA profile of milk and cheese from alpine summer quarters (A), from pasture located in the valleyfloor (V) and from preserved forages (hay, maize silage and concentrates -P) were compared. As compared to P cheeses, the V ones were poorer in saturated FAs (SFA: -7.4 g/100g FA), in particular in C12:0, C14:0 and C16:0 (-0.9, -1.4, -5.2 g/100g FA, respectively), and richer in mono-unsaturated FAs (MUFA; +6.3 g/100g FA), in particular cis9-C18:1 and trans11-C18:1 (+3.8 and +2.2, respectively), and polyunsaturated FA (PUFA; +1.2 g/100g FA), in particular cis9trans11-CLA, C18:3n-3 (+1.2 and + 0.5 g/100g FA, respectively). The spreadability index was 38% higher , while the atherogenity and trombogenity indices were 30.8% and 42.7% lower in V than in P cheese, respectively. “A” cheese showed a lower concentration of SFA 2.4 g/100g of FA (in particular -0.8 g/100g FA for C14:0 and -1.7 g/100g FA for C16:0) and a concentration of unsaturated FA (UFA) 2.5 g/100g of FA higher than V ones (in particular +1.5, +1.1 e +0.6 g/100g FA for cis9-C18:1, trans11-C18:1 and cis9trans11-CLA, respectively). Significant differences were found between milk and cheese from different highly biodiverse pasture vegetation types. Dairy products from Trifolium alpinum dominated pastures were richer in cis9-C18:1, C15:0, C17:0 and C17:1 (+2.47, +0.38, +0.32 and +0.08 g/100g FA, respectively), and poorer in C10:0, C12:0, C14:0 and C18:3n-3 (-0.44, -0.33, -1.25 and - 0.27 g/100g FA, respectively) than those from Festuca gr. rubra dominated pastures. Such results, obtained in farming conditions, confirm the reliability of milk and cheese FAs in tracing cow feeding, arising the detail of pasture vegetation exploited. FA profile of dairy products from pasture located in the valleyfloors and summer quarters seems to be similar and more favorable to human health than those obtained feeding cows with preserved forages. On the basis of nutritional quality, it would be possible also to valorize milk and cheese from valleyfloors pasture-based farming systems.
Qualificazione delle produzioni casearie da erba ed effetto del pascolamento di tipi vegetazionali differenti sul profilo acidico di latti e formaggi
CAVALLERO, Andrea;COPPA, MAURO;LONATI, MICHELE;GORLIER, Alessandra;LOMBARDI, Giampiero
2011-01-01
Abstract
Effects of different pasture types on milk and cheese fatty acid profile for grass-fed dairy product valorisation - The effect of cow feeding on fatty acids (FA) profile of dairy products have been deeply investigated especially in experimental condition, since now. Aiming at testing the effectiveness of milk and cheese FAs as metabolic tracers of animal feeding also in non experimental context, dairy products of 16 farms located in 5 alpine valleys were analyzed during three researches and animal feeding was registered. Moreover this work also aimed at investigating the possibility of discrimination between dairy products derived from different highly biodiverse pasture vegetation. Phyto-pastoral surveys were used to describe the vegetation whose exploitation produced the bulk milk and cheese sampled for FA analysis. FA profile of milk and cheese from alpine summer quarters (A), from pasture located in the valleyfloor (V) and from preserved forages (hay, maize silage and concentrates -P) were compared. As compared to P cheeses, the V ones were poorer in saturated FAs (SFA: -7.4 g/100g FA), in particular in C12:0, C14:0 and C16:0 (-0.9, -1.4, -5.2 g/100g FA, respectively), and richer in mono-unsaturated FAs (MUFA; +6.3 g/100g FA), in particular cis9-C18:1 and trans11-C18:1 (+3.8 and +2.2, respectively), and polyunsaturated FA (PUFA; +1.2 g/100g FA), in particular cis9trans11-CLA, C18:3n-3 (+1.2 and + 0.5 g/100g FA, respectively). The spreadability index was 38% higher , while the atherogenity and trombogenity indices were 30.8% and 42.7% lower in V than in P cheese, respectively. “A” cheese showed a lower concentration of SFA 2.4 g/100g of FA (in particular -0.8 g/100g FA for C14:0 and -1.7 g/100g FA for C16:0) and a concentration of unsaturated FA (UFA) 2.5 g/100g of FA higher than V ones (in particular +1.5, +1.1 e +0.6 g/100g FA for cis9-C18:1, trans11-C18:1 and cis9trans11-CLA, respectively). Significant differences were found between milk and cheese from different highly biodiverse pasture vegetation types. Dairy products from Trifolium alpinum dominated pastures were richer in cis9-C18:1, C15:0, C17:0 and C17:1 (+2.47, +0.38, +0.32 and +0.08 g/100g FA, respectively), and poorer in C10:0, C12:0, C14:0 and C18:3n-3 (-0.44, -0.33, -1.25 and - 0.27 g/100g FA, respectively) than those from Festuca gr. rubra dominated pastures. Such results, obtained in farming conditions, confirm the reliability of milk and cheese FAs in tracing cow feeding, arising the detail of pasture vegetation exploited. FA profile of dairy products from pasture located in the valleyfloors and summer quarters seems to be similar and more favorable to human health than those obtained feeding cows with preserved forages. On the basis of nutritional quality, it would be possible also to valorize milk and cheese from valleyfloors pasture-based farming systems.
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