Objective To investigate perianesthetic acepromazine use in male equids and the incidence of complications. Study design Retrospective study of 8533 anesthetized equids and opinion poll. Methods Medical records of male equids treated perianesthetically with acepromazine were reviewed. Demographic data, time and dose of acepromazine administration, co-administered drugs, quality of induction and recovery from anesthesia, arterial blood pressures, and occurrence of penile prolapse, paraphimosis, or priapism were recorded. Active ACVA and ECVAA diplomates were polled on the use of acepromazine and its side effects in the equine. Results Of 5321 male equids 575 (42% being stallions) received perianesthetic acepromazine, predominantly for premedication. Anesthetic induction was smooth in 566 animals. Lowest and highest mean arterial pressures were 65±9 and 96±13 mmHg, respectively. Recovery was good or very good in 70 % of all animals and 74% stood on 1st or 2nd attempt. In 14 horses (2.4%; 7 stallions, 7 geldings) penile prolapse occurred for 0.5-4 h and in one stallion (0.2%) for ≤18 h post recovery. Among surveyed anesthesiologists, a majority uses acepromazine in the male equine, both in stallions (occasionally 62.5% or frequently 17.2%) and geldings (occasionally 34.4% or frequently 59.4%), primarily for premedication together with other sedatives/analgesics. Intraoperative hypotension was not reported as a frequent effect. Only 5% of surveyed anesthesiologists recall penile prolapse post drug administration lasting for >12 h and only one recalls 3 cases of irreversible penile prolapse in 20 years of anesthesia practice. Conclusions Acepromazine is infrequently used in stallions during the perianesthetic period but the extremely low incidence of permanent penile dysfunction (predicted prevalence of ≤ 0.015 %) does not justify a much more restricted acepromazine use in intact males versus females.

Perianesthetic use of acepromazine in the male equine: a retrospective study and opinion poll.

ZARUCCO, Laura
2010-01-01

Abstract

Objective To investigate perianesthetic acepromazine use in male equids and the incidence of complications. Study design Retrospective study of 8533 anesthetized equids and opinion poll. Methods Medical records of male equids treated perianesthetically with acepromazine were reviewed. Demographic data, time and dose of acepromazine administration, co-administered drugs, quality of induction and recovery from anesthesia, arterial blood pressures, and occurrence of penile prolapse, paraphimosis, or priapism were recorded. Active ACVA and ECVAA diplomates were polled on the use of acepromazine and its side effects in the equine. Results Of 5321 male equids 575 (42% being stallions) received perianesthetic acepromazine, predominantly for premedication. Anesthetic induction was smooth in 566 animals. Lowest and highest mean arterial pressures were 65±9 and 96±13 mmHg, respectively. Recovery was good or very good in 70 % of all animals and 74% stood on 1st or 2nd attempt. In 14 horses (2.4%; 7 stallions, 7 geldings) penile prolapse occurred for 0.5-4 h and in one stallion (0.2%) for ≤18 h post recovery. Among surveyed anesthesiologists, a majority uses acepromazine in the male equine, both in stallions (occasionally 62.5% or frequently 17.2%) and geldings (occasionally 34.4% or frequently 59.4%), primarily for premedication together with other sedatives/analgesics. Intraoperative hypotension was not reported as a frequent effect. Only 5% of surveyed anesthesiologists recall penile prolapse post drug administration lasting for >12 h and only one recalls 3 cases of irreversible penile prolapse in 20 years of anesthesia practice. Conclusions Acepromazine is infrequently used in stallions during the perianesthetic period but the extremely low incidence of permanent penile dysfunction (predicted prevalence of ≤ 0.015 %) does not justify a much more restricted acepromazine use in intact males versus females.
2010
European College of Veterinary Surgeons – 19th Annual Scientific Meeting
Helsinki, Finlandia
3 July 2010
39
E1
E25
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1532-950X.2010.00710.x/pdf
Horse; acepromazine; perianesthetic use; adverse effects; penile prolapse; priapism; paraphimosis; opinion poll.
Driessen B; Kalir B; Zarucco L
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/2318/74887
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