Little information is available about the outcome in dogs with protein-losing enteropathy (PLE). The aims of this study were to evaluate the clinical and clinicopathological findings in dogs with PLE secondary to chronicenteropathy (CE) at time of diagnosis and 1 month after treatment that correlate with survival ≤ than or > 6 months (short- and long-term survival), in order to identify risk factors for outcome. Records of dogs with chronic enteropathy (CE) and concurrent PLE that were diagnosed at three referral clinics, were retrospectively analyzed. The inclusion criteria were a history of chronic gastrointestinal signs (>3 weeks), hypoalbuminemia (<2 g/dL) of gastrointestinal origin, histopathological evidence of gastrointestinal inflammation on biopsies, and available follow up. The exclusion criteria were the presence of underlying or concurrent disorders other than PLE secondary to CE, or an immu- nosuppressive therapy used within 2 weeks before intestinal biopsy. Dogs were classified as either short-term (≤ 6 months) sur- vivors (ST) or long-term (> 6 months) survivors (LT), and the clinical and clinicopathological variables were investigated between groups. The ability to predict the outcome was determined by multiple regression and ROC analyses. There must be no differences in treatment between groups. Sixty-eight cases were enrolled; 23 dogs were classified as ST, 45 as LT. There was no difference in body weight, age, sex distribution, lifestyle, complaints/clinical signs, canine inflammatory bowel disease activity index (CIBDAI) and canine chronic enteropathy clinical activity index (CCECAI), or clinicopathological data between groups at the time of diagnosis. At one-month follow up CIBDAI/CCECAI scores were higher, and serum total protein, globulin and total cholesterol were lower (P <0.05) in STs versus LTs. Risk factors for poor outcome (≤ 6 months) were CIBDAI > 5 and low cholesterol determined 1 month after diagnosis. According to the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, CIBDAI > 5 evaluated 1 month after diagnosiswas shown to be the best predictor of poor outcome. In conclusion, clinical and clinicopathological findings at time of diagnosis did not predict outcome in dogs with PLE. CIBDAI and cholesterol at 1 month follow up more predicted ST vs LT
Prognostic factors for short- and long-term survival in dogs with protein-losing enteropathy
GIANELLA, Paola;BELLINO, Claudio;CAGNASSO, Aurelio;D'ANGELO, Antonio;
2015-01-01
Abstract
Little information is available about the outcome in dogs with protein-losing enteropathy (PLE). The aims of this study were to evaluate the clinical and clinicopathological findings in dogs with PLE secondary to chronicenteropathy (CE) at time of diagnosis and 1 month after treatment that correlate with survival ≤ than or > 6 months (short- and long-term survival), in order to identify risk factors for outcome. Records of dogs with chronic enteropathy (CE) and concurrent PLE that were diagnosed at three referral clinics, were retrospectively analyzed. The inclusion criteria were a history of chronic gastrointestinal signs (>3 weeks), hypoalbuminemia (<2 g/dL) of gastrointestinal origin, histopathological evidence of gastrointestinal inflammation on biopsies, and available follow up. The exclusion criteria were the presence of underlying or concurrent disorders other than PLE secondary to CE, or an immu- nosuppressive therapy used within 2 weeks before intestinal biopsy. Dogs were classified as either short-term (≤ 6 months) sur- vivors (ST) or long-term (> 6 months) survivors (LT), and the clinical and clinicopathological variables were investigated between groups. The ability to predict the outcome was determined by multiple regression and ROC analyses. There must be no differences in treatment between groups. Sixty-eight cases were enrolled; 23 dogs were classified as ST, 45 as LT. There was no difference in body weight, age, sex distribution, lifestyle, complaints/clinical signs, canine inflammatory bowel disease activity index (CIBDAI) and canine chronic enteropathy clinical activity index (CCECAI), or clinicopathological data between groups at the time of diagnosis. At one-month follow up CIBDAI/CCECAI scores were higher, and serum total protein, globulin and total cholesterol were lower (P <0.05) in STs versus LTs. Risk factors for poor outcome (≤ 6 months) were CIBDAI > 5 and low cholesterol determined 1 month after diagnosis. According to the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, CIBDAI > 5 evaluated 1 month after diagnosiswas shown to be the best predictor of poor outcome. In conclusion, clinical and clinicopathological findings at time of diagnosis did not predict outcome in dogs with PLE. CIBDAI and cholesterol at 1 month follow up more predicted ST vs LT
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