Analyses of essential oils and volatiles from natural products have to cover a large range of topics, from quality control to marker identification and quantitation, thus requiring a combination of efficiency and selectivity of the chromatographic system suitable to produce a baseline separation of all markers in a single run. Samples in these fields are, in general, complex mixtures often consisting of isomeric components with similar structural and physical characteristics (e.g., mono- and sesquiterpenoids). Isomeric compounds are sometimes difficult to identify because of their similar mass spectra thus making chromatographic data indispensable for their correct identification, and, in some cases, challenging to separate with conventional GC stationary phases. A continual search for new stationary phases with different selectivity and, at the same time, with good chromatographic properties, is therefore necessary to obtain separation patterns different from those of the currently used based on polysiloxane and polyethylene glycol. The introduction of the ionic liquids (ILs) as stationary phases for GC have opened new perspectives because of their uncommon selectivity completely different from those mentioned above in particular after having overcome some problems of inertness with polar analytes of the first generation IL columns [1, 2]. This communication will explore the potential of commercially available IL stationary phases when applied to the analysis of essential oils and volatiles from natural products. In particular, it will report some examples on how IL peculiar selectivity can be exploited in challenging separations and component identification(s), also in view of the high inertness towards polar analytes reached from the last generation of IL columns. Furthermore, this contribution will discuss possible applications in this field of a new line of water compatible IL columns especially dedicated to the analysis of aqueous samples.
Exploring the Potential of Ionic Liquids as Gas Chromatographic Stationary Phases for The Analysis of Essential Oils and Volatiles from Natural Products
CAGLIERO, Cecilia Lucia;SGORBINI, Barbara;RUBIOLO, Patrizia;BICCHI, Carlo
2016-01-01
Abstract
Analyses of essential oils and volatiles from natural products have to cover a large range of topics, from quality control to marker identification and quantitation, thus requiring a combination of efficiency and selectivity of the chromatographic system suitable to produce a baseline separation of all markers in a single run. Samples in these fields are, in general, complex mixtures often consisting of isomeric components with similar structural and physical characteristics (e.g., mono- and sesquiterpenoids). Isomeric compounds are sometimes difficult to identify because of their similar mass spectra thus making chromatographic data indispensable for their correct identification, and, in some cases, challenging to separate with conventional GC stationary phases. A continual search for new stationary phases with different selectivity and, at the same time, with good chromatographic properties, is therefore necessary to obtain separation patterns different from those of the currently used based on polysiloxane and polyethylene glycol. The introduction of the ionic liquids (ILs) as stationary phases for GC have opened new perspectives because of their uncommon selectivity completely different from those mentioned above in particular after having overcome some problems of inertness with polar analytes of the first generation IL columns [1, 2]. This communication will explore the potential of commercially available IL stationary phases when applied to the analysis of essential oils and volatiles from natural products. In particular, it will report some examples on how IL peculiar selectivity can be exploited in challenging separations and component identification(s), also in view of the high inertness towards polar analytes reached from the last generation of IL columns. Furthermore, this contribution will discuss possible applications in this field of a new line of water compatible IL columns especially dedicated to the analysis of aqueous samples.
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