The aim of this research is to assess the diversity in bioactive compounds and sensory attributes of 18 chestnut cultivars grown in the same soil and climate conditions, managed with the same agronomic techniques (semi-high density) and, for the first time, grafted on the same clonal rootstock (Marlhac), thus maximizing the genotype effect on chestnut composition. The analysis included antioxidant activity, phytochemical fingerprinting and sensory analysis of fruits of 18 chestnut cultivars of Castanea spp. and hybrids grown in the Chestnut R&D Center Piemonte germplasm collection. Total polyphenols content and antioxidant activity were higher in C. sativa than in Eurojapanese hybrids (C. sativa x C. crenata). Cultivars showed a good degree of differentiation in flavonols, benzoic acids and catechins. The amounts of vitamin C (max 15% of the total of bioactive compounds) and the good levels of sugars (max 27 g/100 g) and organic acids (max 0.8 g/100 g) were variable and in any case reduced. The sensory descriptors (peelability, color of the seed), evaluated by Quantitative Descriptive Analysis test, were able to separate C. sativa from the hybrids. C. sativa cultivars were significantly different from each other regarding the descriptors “intensity of sweet taste” and “chestnut aroma”. The high diversity observed among the analysed cultivars could be strictly be associated to the genotype effect and underlines the large variability of the genus Castanea, and therefore the importance of in farm and ex situ conservation of local germplasm. The research, still in progress, contributes to the knowledge of Castanea spp. fruit quality and aims to identify possible tools to undestrand the genotype effect on fruit compositional traits.
Fingerprint chimico e sensoriale dei frutti di 18 cultivar di Castanea sativa ed ibride euro-giapponesi innestate su portinnesto clonale
Maria Gabriella Mellano;Dario Donno
;Gabriele Loris Beccaro
2020-01-01
Abstract
The aim of this research is to assess the diversity in bioactive compounds and sensory attributes of 18 chestnut cultivars grown in the same soil and climate conditions, managed with the same agronomic techniques (semi-high density) and, for the first time, grafted on the same clonal rootstock (Marlhac), thus maximizing the genotype effect on chestnut composition. The analysis included antioxidant activity, phytochemical fingerprinting and sensory analysis of fruits of 18 chestnut cultivars of Castanea spp. and hybrids grown in the Chestnut R&D Center Piemonte germplasm collection. Total polyphenols content and antioxidant activity were higher in C. sativa than in Eurojapanese hybrids (C. sativa x C. crenata). Cultivars showed a good degree of differentiation in flavonols, benzoic acids and catechins. The amounts of vitamin C (max 15% of the total of bioactive compounds) and the good levels of sugars (max 27 g/100 g) and organic acids (max 0.8 g/100 g) were variable and in any case reduced. The sensory descriptors (peelability, color of the seed), evaluated by Quantitative Descriptive Analysis test, were able to separate C. sativa from the hybrids. C. sativa cultivars were significantly different from each other regarding the descriptors “intensity of sweet taste” and “chestnut aroma”. The high diversity observed among the analysed cultivars could be strictly be associated to the genotype effect and underlines the large variability of the genus Castanea, and therefore the importance of in farm and ex situ conservation of local germplasm. The research, still in progress, contributes to the knowledge of Castanea spp. fruit quality and aims to identify possible tools to undestrand the genotype effect on fruit compositional traits.
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