Controllo delle tossine T2-HT2 su frumento mediante impiego di fungicidi

The application of the Recommendation 2013/165/UE concerning the mycotoxins T2-HT2 in cereals has introduced a new limit on the commodity market and trading. These toxins involve particularly the small cereals and among those common and durum wheat more prone to Fusarium langsethiae e F. sporotrichioides. The aim of this research, part of the MIPAAF – MICOPRINCEM Project, was the evaluation of the azole and strobilurin fungicides applied at T3 (heading-anthesys) in controlling these mycotoxins. The research was carried on in the period 2011-2013 at Dugnolo in North Italy on durum wheat cv. S. Carlo following a full randomizing block experimental design with 4 repetitions. 5 fungicide treatments were compared: untreated, axoxystrobin, metconazole, protioconazole + tebuconazole, tebuconazole + azozystrobin. For all the treatments the artificial inoculation at anthesys with F. langsethiae e F. sporotrichioides mixtures were compared with natural inoculation. Fusarium head blight (FHB) severity and incidence, grain production and T2-HT2 concentration were considered. In the inoculated plots F. sporotrichioides was always more diffuse than F. langsethiae. The contamination of T2-HT2 was always higher with the artificial inoculation, with concentration even above 1000 µg kg-1 for the untreated treatment. Under natural contamination the T2-HT2 contaminations were always below the recommended level of 100 µg kg-1. In both natural and artificial inoculation the fungicides with azole or azole + strobilurine a.i. have demonstrated to reduce significantly FHB and the T2-HT2 contamination.