The agricultural industry is characterized by several areas of environmental concern, including large use of water, use of energy and chemicals, exploitation of soil and ecosystems, and production of solid wastes. In view of a circular economy model, agrifood by-products represent a sustainable source of bioactive compounds for feed, functional food, and food supplement industries. The production of wine is one of the most extensive agricultural activities in the world, generating a huge amount of organic waste material. Most of the waste is represented by grape pomace, followed by seeds, pulp, skin, stems, leaves and green pruning residues. These by-products have attracted attention in recent years for their valuable content of bioactive compounds, in particular polyphenols. The beneficial properties of these compounds are mainly correlated to their antioxidant activity which is well documented in in-vitro studies. However, the bioactivity and bioavailability of polyphenols in-vivo depend on the extent to which they are absorbed after oral ingestion. This study aimed to investigate the effect of in-vitro static simulation of gastrointestinal food digestion on the total polyphenol content of different cultivars of Vitis vinifera L. green pruning residues. Grapevine pruning samples were subjected to sequential oral, gastric and intestinal digestion adopting the appropriate combination of electrolytes, enzymes, bile, dilution, pH and time of digestion. The untreated and digested samples were then subjected to a methanolic extraction, and the phytochemical profile was analyzed by ultra high performance liquid chromatography equipped with a photodiode array detector (UHPLC-PDA). The quali-quantitative comparison of the polyphenol content before and after the in-vitro digestion revealed that these compounds are highly stable under the tested conditions and the phenolic compounds are more abundant in the bio-accessible phase than in the excreted fraction.
Evaluating the effect of in vitro digestion on the total polyphenol content of Vitis vinifera L. by-products
Mastellone G.;Marengo A.;Sgorbini B.;Rubiolo P.;Cagliero C.
2023-01-01
Abstract
The agricultural industry is characterized by several areas of environmental concern, including large use of water, use of energy and chemicals, exploitation of soil and ecosystems, and production of solid wastes. In view of a circular economy model, agrifood by-products represent a sustainable source of bioactive compounds for feed, functional food, and food supplement industries. The production of wine is one of the most extensive agricultural activities in the world, generating a huge amount of organic waste material. Most of the waste is represented by grape pomace, followed by seeds, pulp, skin, stems, leaves and green pruning residues. These by-products have attracted attention in recent years for their valuable content of bioactive compounds, in particular polyphenols. The beneficial properties of these compounds are mainly correlated to their antioxidant activity which is well documented in in-vitro studies. However, the bioactivity and bioavailability of polyphenols in-vivo depend on the extent to which they are absorbed after oral ingestion. This study aimed to investigate the effect of in-vitro static simulation of gastrointestinal food digestion on the total polyphenol content of different cultivars of Vitis vinifera L. green pruning residues. Grapevine pruning samples were subjected to sequential oral, gastric and intestinal digestion adopting the appropriate combination of electrolytes, enzymes, bile, dilution, pH and time of digestion. The untreated and digested samples were then subjected to a methanolic extraction, and the phytochemical profile was analyzed by ultra high performance liquid chromatography equipped with a photodiode array detector (UHPLC-PDA). The quali-quantitative comparison of the polyphenol content before and after the in-vitro digestion revealed that these compounds are highly stable under the tested conditions and the phenolic compounds are more abundant in the bio-accessible phase than in the excreted fraction.
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