This research, carried out in the 1996-1997 period at the Carmagnola experimental station (N.W. Italy), was aimed at studying the effect of a wheat planting arrangement on weed growth in order to reduce chemical weed control. In this study, the traditional row spacing of 200 mm inter-row (ORS) was compared to a band arrangement characterised by a 500 mm planted band with 5 rows at 100 mm inter-row alternated with 300 mm non-planted bands (PB-NPB). The following treatments were compared: 1) ORS, broadcast chemical weed control; ORS, mechanical weed control; 3) ORS, untreated; 4) PB, chemical weed control + NPB, mechanical weed control; 5) PB, untreated + NPB, mechanical weed control; 6) PB, untreated + NPB, untreated. The chemical weed control was carried out at the end of the tillering stage, by applying triasulfuron+fluroxipyr at 7.5+172 g a.i. ha-1. The mechanical control was performed with a spike-toothed harrow. The main weed species present in the untreated plots were Papaver rhoeas L., Veronica persica Poir., and Stellaria media (L.) Vill. The assessment carried out at the end of stem elongation showed that the dry biomass and weed density in band-planting were similar and lower (23%), respectively, than those recorded in traditional-planting plots. The weed control with herbicides in traditional-planting plots was similar to that of the plots carried out in bands but was more effective (84%) than that with harrow (36%). The herbicide application was very effective against V. persica and S. media but was very weak against P. rhoeas. The mechanical intervention provided a good control against S. media but was ineffective against V. persica and P. rhoeas. The wheat yield, obtained in band-planting treatments subjected to chemical and mechanical weed control, was not statistically different from that of the corresponding traditional-planting treatments (8.89 t ha-1, on average). The height of the crop, number of spikes m-2, harvest index, and the weight of 1000 seeds were not statistically different for the treatments where weeds were controlled either with herbicides or harrow. The band-planting system, with the herbicide application on the band and the mechanical intervention on the inter-band area, was as effective against weeds as broadcast herbicide weed control in traditional row spacing. This integrated weed management allowed a 37.5% reduction of herbicide spraying.
The influence of wheat row spacing on weed growth and control
FERRERO, Aldo;VIDOTTO, Francesco
2000-01-01
Abstract
This research, carried out in the 1996-1997 period at the Carmagnola experimental station (N.W. Italy), was aimed at studying the effect of a wheat planting arrangement on weed growth in order to reduce chemical weed control. In this study, the traditional row spacing of 200 mm inter-row (ORS) was compared to a band arrangement characterised by a 500 mm planted band with 5 rows at 100 mm inter-row alternated with 300 mm non-planted bands (PB-NPB). The following treatments were compared: 1) ORS, broadcast chemical weed control; ORS, mechanical weed control; 3) ORS, untreated; 4) PB, chemical weed control + NPB, mechanical weed control; 5) PB, untreated + NPB, mechanical weed control; 6) PB, untreated + NPB, untreated. The chemical weed control was carried out at the end of the tillering stage, by applying triasulfuron+fluroxipyr at 7.5+172 g a.i. ha-1. The mechanical control was performed with a spike-toothed harrow. The main weed species present in the untreated plots were Papaver rhoeas L., Veronica persica Poir., and Stellaria media (L.) Vill. The assessment carried out at the end of stem elongation showed that the dry biomass and weed density in band-planting were similar and lower (23%), respectively, than those recorded in traditional-planting plots. The weed control with herbicides in traditional-planting plots was similar to that of the plots carried out in bands but was more effective (84%) than that with harrow (36%). The herbicide application was very effective against V. persica and S. media but was very weak against P. rhoeas. The mechanical intervention provided a good control against S. media but was ineffective against V. persica and P. rhoeas. The wheat yield, obtained in band-planting treatments subjected to chemical and mechanical weed control, was not statistically different from that of the corresponding traditional-planting treatments (8.89 t ha-1, on average). The height of the crop, number of spikes m-2, harvest index, and the weight of 1000 seeds were not statistically different for the treatments where weeds were controlled either with herbicides or harrow. The band-planting system, with the herbicide application on the band and the mechanical intervention on the inter-band area, was as effective against weeds as broadcast herbicide weed control in traditional row spacing. This integrated weed management allowed a 37.5% reduction of herbicide spraying.
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