Efecto de la cubierta vegetal y de algunos herbicidas sobre la actividad y la diversidad metabolica de las poblaciones microbiologicas en suelos viticolas

Effect of plant cover and some herbicides on the activity and the metabolic diversity of microbial populations in wine soils. The effects induce on soil microflora by permanent plant cover vs. chemical weed removal were compared. Plant cover was spontaneous grass oe sowed clover. Herbicides tested were gliphosate and gluphosinate-ammonium, used both individually and in association. In herbicide treated plots lower number of total bacterial counts and ammonium oxidising microflora were found; no hinibitory activity resulted on yeasts and moulds. The ATP level was found to be lower in the same plot, with exception of the one treated with gluphosinate-ammonium. Where the spontaneous plant cover was present, a higher nitrogen and organic mattere quantity was found, but a lower quantity of ammonium nitrogen. Metabolic characterization of microbial communities with Biolog (TM) metabolic fingerprinting method demonstrated that different agronomic practices induce differences in soil microbial populations.