The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of using NIRS methodology to discriminate feeding plan and genetic type effects of three veal calves sample preparations. A portable NIRS instrument examined 128 longissimus thoracis (LT) of raw (RA), ethanol-prepared (ET) and freeze-dried (FD) samples from 32 veal calves. The calves , 16 Friesian (F) and 16 Crossbred (C) were fed on milk replacer and maize silage; in addition they received 65 kg/calf (8LF+8LC) or 100 kg/calf (8HF+8HC) of maize grain. LT samples were analysed for: water, protein, fat and haem iron content, drip and cooking losses, colour (L*, a*, b*, Chroma and Hue), Warner-Bratzler shear and fatty acids composition of intramuscular fat. Chemometrics was performed by Partial Least Squares (PLS) method to obtain the whole 4x4 cross-validated matrix of the distances and the solutions for the average main effects. The average cluster of the four groups means was built by the validation matrix. The same PLS method was applied to a set of 12 laboratory chemical and physical analyses (Lab) and to fatty acids (FA) composition of intramuscular fat. The matrices reached different R2 levels: 0.75 (RA); 0.84 (ET); 0.46 (FD); 0.46 (Lab); 0.13 (FA). Cluster from NIRS of raw samples corresponded to the same pattern obtained by the Lab and FA, which approached the HF to LC and the LF to HC groups. Regarding the NIRS of ET, both effects appeared very high (R2=0.83) while for FD the feeding plan differences appeared only at medium level (R2=0.39). It was concluded that NIRS scan of RA muscle produce final results achieved after a wide set of laboratory analyses of meat. NIRS analysis of ET samples showed other intrinsic differences which should be further investigated.
NIRS analysis of different meat sample preparations to discriminate feeding plan and genetic type effects in veal calves
BRUGIAPAGLIA, Alberto;DESTEFANIS, Gianluigi;LUSSIANA, Carola;
2011-01-01
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of using NIRS methodology to discriminate feeding plan and genetic type effects of three veal calves sample preparations. A portable NIRS instrument examined 128 longissimus thoracis (LT) of raw (RA), ethanol-prepared (ET) and freeze-dried (FD) samples from 32 veal calves. The calves , 16 Friesian (F) and 16 Crossbred (C) were fed on milk replacer and maize silage; in addition they received 65 kg/calf (8LF+8LC) or 100 kg/calf (8HF+8HC) of maize grain. LT samples were analysed for: water, protein, fat and haem iron content, drip and cooking losses, colour (L*, a*, b*, Chroma and Hue), Warner-Bratzler shear and fatty acids composition of intramuscular fat. Chemometrics was performed by Partial Least Squares (PLS) method to obtain the whole 4x4 cross-validated matrix of the distances and the solutions for the average main effects. The average cluster of the four groups means was built by the validation matrix. The same PLS method was applied to a set of 12 laboratory chemical and physical analyses (Lab) and to fatty acids (FA) composition of intramuscular fat. The matrices reached different R2 levels: 0.75 (RA); 0.84 (ET); 0.46 (FD); 0.46 (Lab); 0.13 (FA). Cluster from NIRS of raw samples corresponded to the same pattern obtained by the Lab and FA, which approached the HF to LC and the LF to HC groups. Regarding the NIRS of ET, both effects appeared very high (R2=0.83) while for FD the feeding plan differences appeared only at medium level (R2=0.39). It was concluded that NIRS scan of RA muscle produce final results achieved after a wide set of laboratory analyses of meat. NIRS analysis of ET samples showed other intrinsic differences which should be further investigated.
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