Agro-industrial by-products can be included in diets destined to ruminants with expected positive outcomes in terms of environmental, economic, and ethical sustainability of animal-derived food production. This study was designed to assess the effects of the dietary inclusion of cocoa bean shell, a by-product of the cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) industry, on milk fatty acid (FA) profile of dairy goats. Twenty-two Camosciata delle Alpi goats were divided into two balanced groups and fed mixed hay ad libitum. One group (control, CTRL) also received 1.2 kg/head × day of a commercial concentrate, while the other group (cocoa bean shell, CBS) received 1.0 kg/head × day of the same concentrate and 0.2 kg/head × day of pelleted cocoa bean shell [per kg dry matter: 173 g crude protein; 61 g ether extract; 495 g neutral detergent fibre; 177 g lignin; 8.76 g tannins; net energy for lactation: 4.27 MJ]. The two diets were formulated to be isonitrogenous and isoenergetic. After 10 days of diet adaptation, individual milk samples were collected four times every 10 days and analysed for their milk FA profile. Data were statistically analysed with a mixed model for repeated measures over time and significance was set at P<0.05. The inclusion of CBS in the goat diet induced only minor changes to the milk FA profile. These changes, mainly driven by lower PUFA and higher fibre intakes from the CBS diet when compared to the CTRL diet, included increased concentrations of both iso- and anteiso-branched-chain FA, total monounsaturated FA, stearic and oleic acids, and a decreased ∑n6/∑n3 FA ratio. Other groups of FA, such as de novo saturated FA, total polyunsaturated FA and total conjugated linoleic acids were not affected by the dietary treatment. The amount of tannins (almost equally represented by hydrolysable and condensed forms) in CBS was too low to exert a significant effect on the concentration of the majority of ruminal biohydrogenation intermediates (e.g. trans-octadecenoic and trans-octadecadienoic acids). This suggests no impairments of ruminal biohydrogenation pathways or steps when including CBS in the goat diet.

Goat milk fatty acid profile as affected by the inclusion of cocoa bean shell in the goat diet

M. Renna;C. Lussiana;V. M. Malfatto;A. Mimosi;P. Cornale
2022-01-01

Abstract

Agro-industrial by-products can be included in diets destined to ruminants with expected positive outcomes in terms of environmental, economic, and ethical sustainability of animal-derived food production. This study was designed to assess the effects of the dietary inclusion of cocoa bean shell, a by-product of the cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) industry, on milk fatty acid (FA) profile of dairy goats. Twenty-two Camosciata delle Alpi goats were divided into two balanced groups and fed mixed hay ad libitum. One group (control, CTRL) also received 1.2 kg/head × day of a commercial concentrate, while the other group (cocoa bean shell, CBS) received 1.0 kg/head × day of the same concentrate and 0.2 kg/head × day of pelleted cocoa bean shell [per kg dry matter: 173 g crude protein; 61 g ether extract; 495 g neutral detergent fibre; 177 g lignin; 8.76 g tannins; net energy for lactation: 4.27 MJ]. The two diets were formulated to be isonitrogenous and isoenergetic. After 10 days of diet adaptation, individual milk samples were collected four times every 10 days and analysed for their milk FA profile. Data were statistically analysed with a mixed model for repeated measures over time and significance was set at P<0.05. The inclusion of CBS in the goat diet induced only minor changes to the milk FA profile. These changes, mainly driven by lower PUFA and higher fibre intakes from the CBS diet when compared to the CTRL diet, included increased concentrations of both iso- and anteiso-branched-chain FA, total monounsaturated FA, stearic and oleic acids, and a decreased ∑n6/∑n3 FA ratio. Other groups of FA, such as de novo saturated FA, total polyunsaturated FA and total conjugated linoleic acids were not affected by the dietary treatment. The amount of tannins (almost equally represented by hydrolysable and condensed forms) in CBS was too low to exert a significant effect on the concentration of the majority of ruminal biohydrogenation intermediates (e.g. trans-octadecenoic and trans-octadecadienoic acids). This suggests no impairments of ruminal biohydrogenation pathways or steps when including CBS in the goat diet.
2022
73rd Annual Meeting of the European Federation of Animal Science
Porto
5-9 September 2022
Book of Abstracts of the 73rd Annual Meeting of the European Federation of Animal Science
Wageningen Academic Publishers
481
481
M. Renna, C. Lussiana, L. Colonna, V.M. Malfatto, A. Mimosi, P. Cornale
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/2318/1888433
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